Bilingual: 148. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Vietnam

03/06/20234:12 SA(Xem: 1121)

Tác giả :
Dean Rusk
,
Nguyên Giác

Bilingual:
148. TELEGRAM FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE TO
THE EMBASSY IN VIETNAM
CÔNG ĐIỆN CỦA BỘ NGOẠI GIAO HOA KỲ GỬI
ĐẠI SỨ QUÁN HOA KỲ TẠI VIỆT NAM

Author: Dean Rusk

Translated by Nguyên Giác

148. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Vietnam

Washington, June 3, 1963, 6:46 p.m.

1173. We very concerned by report blister gas may have been used. As you of course aware adverse effects such action could hardly be exaggerated. Request you ascertain whether poison gas in fact employed and if so, under what circumstances. If blister gas used, would appear imperative for GVN to promptly disassociate itself from such action and announce intention investigate and punish those responsible.

If report true, believe we must also consider best means indicating our thorough disapproval while at same time not appearing to withdraw general support from GVN. If GVN takes proper action problem need not arise. However, if use of poison gas not disavowed by GVN we may have to warn GVN we likely be faced with necessity making some fairly strong public statement of disapproval.

Would appreciate your views this problem.

Rusk

Source:

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v03/d148

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148. Công điện của Bộ Ngoại giao Hoa Kỳ gửi Đại sứ quán Hoa Kỳ tại Việt Nam

Washington, ngày 3 tháng 6 năm 1963, 6:46 chiều.

1173. Chúng tôi rất lo ngại khi có báo cáo rằng lựu đạn cay có thể làm phỏng da có thể đã được sử dụng. Tất nhiên, vì ông nhận thức được những tác động tiêu cực, hành động như vậy khó có thể được phóng đại. Yêu cầu ông xác định xem khí độc đó có thực sự đã được sử dụng hay không và nếu có thì trong hoàn cảnh nào. Nếu khí đốt phồng rộp da được sử dụng, Chính phủ Việt Nam cần phải nhanh chóng rút khỏi hành động đó và thông báo ý định điều tra và trừng phạt những người chịu trách nhiệm.

Nếu báo cáo là đúng, tin rằng chúng tôi cũng phải xem xét các phương tiện tốt nhất để thể hiện sự phản đối triệt để của chúng tôi đồng thời không tỏ ra rút lại sự ủng hộ chung từ Chính phủ Việt Nam. Nếu Chính phủ Việt Nam có hành động thích hợp thì vấn đề sẽ không phát sinh. Tuy nhiên, nếu việc sử dụng khí độc không được Chính phủ Việt Nam từ chối, chúng tôi có thể phải cảnh báo Chính phủ Việt Nam rằng chúng tôi có thể phải đối mặt với sự cần thiết phải đưa ra một số tuyên bố phản đối công khai khá mạnh mẽ.

Sẽ đánh giá cao quan điểm của ông về vấn đề này.

Rusk (Bộ Trưởng Ngoại Giao Hoa Kỳ)

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Trang đầu Trang trước 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Trang sau Trang cuối

Bilingual. 266. CIA: Student participation in these demonstrations is also increasing, particularly in Hue, where the firing this week of the university rector, who is known to be sympathetic to the Buddhists, has led to the resignation of many faculty members

01/09/2023(Xem: 1595)

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Bilingual. 267. Ball: I think we ought to go slow on advising Cabot to “eliminate the Nhus” as one of his first acts.

02/09/2023(Xem: 1232)

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Bilingual. 268. Ball: Regardless of who is running the show, we should continue to seek the same objectives. We may deem it useful to throw our influence toward reducing or eliminating the power of the Nhus

03/09/2023(Xem: 1531)

Bilingual. 271. Nhu denied this amounted to a coup, but warned it could become one if Diem vacillated or compromised on the Buddhist issue. Ambassador Lodge notes that the resignation of Foreign Minister Mau ‘obviously caught the government flatfooted’.

05/09/2023(Xem: 1297)

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Bilingual. 272. Ambassador Lodge has not yet been able to present his credentials owing to the unexpected resignation of Foreign Minister Maul According to CAS, Vice President Tho’s assistant also indicated that Tho may decide to resign “at the right moment."

06/09/2023(Xem: 840)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 273. President had sent Madame Nhu, on 23 August, a letter in which he ordered her to make no public statements and give no press conferences. The President also instructed General Oai and the Director General of Information not to print any statement she might make. Both Counselor Nhu and Madame Nhu were “furious.” Thuan: Generals did not know beforehand of the planned raid on Xa Loi,

07/09/2023(Xem: 1158)

Bilingual. 274. General Kim: 1426 people (Buddhist monks and laymen) have been arrested. All of explosives and arms found in pagodas were planted.

08/09/2023(Xem: 1519)

Bilingual. 275. Generals told President that morale of troops was deteriorating, and in fact they feared that one military post was near state of desertion. Generals said that wives of soldiers and junior officers were getting upset. President is still in the saddle what is going on now is being controlled by Nhu.

09/09/2023(Xem: 1238)

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Bilingual. 276. Vo Van Hai, Chief of Diem ‘s private staff, although a long-time Diem loyalist, Hai confided that he feared for his life and thought he was under surveillance by Nhu’s agents. Hai told Kattenburg that Nhu had “carefully stage-managed” the crackdown on the Buddhists.

10/09/2023(Xem: 1811)

Bilingual. 277. Mecklin: The senior officer told me that things were going exceptionally well. After he left, his deputy told me that the situation was rapidly deteriorating. MACV says the war is developing favorably. David Halberstam of the New York Times recently wrote to the contrary.

11/09/2023(Xem: 1096)

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Bilingual. 278. Memorandum to President Kennedy: Brother Nhu is the mastermind behind the whole operation against the Buddhists and is calling the shots. There is disagreement on whether Diem has any political viability left, and on whether he could ever be brought to acquiesce in the removal of his brother.

12/09/2023(Xem: 785)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 281. Ball: USG cannot accept actions against Buddhists taken by Nhu and his collaborators under cover martial law. Prompt dramatic actions redress situation must be taken, including repeal of decree 10,6 release of arrested monks, nuns, etc. We wish give Diem reasonable opportunity to remove Nhus, but if he remains obdurate, then we are prepared to accept the obvious implication that we

13/09/2023(Xem: 1611)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 282. Krulak: US officials discussed a coup that derived from recommendations made by Thuan; General Taylor stated that we should give Diem an adequate chance to do what we want.

14/09/2023(Xem: 1255)

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Bilingual. 283. Admiral Felt: Don indicated we must continue support Diem, forcing him to clean house. His suggestion was for the duration of the crisis to have an interim mixed Cabinet, military and civilian. Military should have three Cabinet posts. Don hopes U.S. will truly try bear down on Diem by delegating authority of [to?] Ministers and broadening his narrow outlook.

16/09/2023(Xem: 1093)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 284. CIA: General Khanh said the Army will take over the country if the politicians decide to seek an agreement with the DRV or even with Communist China for a neutralization of Viet Nam.

17/09/2023(Xem: 1358)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 285. Lodge asked permission from President Kennedy for him to go straight to Generals and tell them that the US prepared to have Diem without Nhus, but it is in effect up to them whether to keep Diem, and to insist Generals take steps to release Buddhist leaders and carry out the June 16 agreement.

18/09/2023(Xem: 1308)

Bilingual. 287. VOA Broadcast: Vietnam’s secret police under the control of Ngo Dinh Nhu—not the Army—made the raids against Buddhist pagodas last week. Thousands of Buddhists were reported arrested, and at least four killed. America may cut its aid to Vietnam if President Diem does not get rid of the police officials responsible.

19/09/2023(Xem: 1326)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 288. LODGE: The VOA broadcast eliminated the surprise factor of the generals' effort, tending to increase the chance of bloodshed should there be a violent reaction to what is building up. Obviously the VOA statement cuts right across tactics I had planned. This is a time which calls for action and very few words. CIA: Nhu reportedly ordered the arrest of civilian oppositionists.

20/09/2023(Xem: 1123)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 289. President Kennedy asked if we are adequately prepared for protecting and/or evacuating U.S. citizens in Vietnam. Admiral Felt said that unless the Nhus were eliminated the middle-level enlisted men would soon lose their interest in fighting.

21/09/2023(Xem: 1423)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 290. Colonel Conein will tell General Khiem and General Khanh: Nhus must go; Retaining Diem or not up to them; Bonzes and other arrestees must be released immediately and five-point agreement of 16 June be fully carried out;

22/09/2023(Xem: 1709)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 291. General Khiem replied to Colonel Conein as follows: Generals were in accord with points expressed; Nhu has certain officers on General Don’s staff; Colonel Conein should stand by for later pickup by jeep that will take Colonel Conein to immediate future meeting with General Duong Van Minh; General Khiem concurred in contact with General Khanh about the secret mission

23/09/2023(Xem: 1315)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 292. Lodge told Diem: "It was interesting to me that people whom I had known all my life in politics thought that Madame Nhu was the Chief of State of Viet-Nam

24/09/2023(Xem: 1167)

Bilingual. 294. General Khanh told CAS officer: Khanh was not ready move now. Plan was to wait until Nhu moved in direction rapprochement with DRV then strike

25/09/2023(Xem: 1610)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 295. General Taylor asked General Harkins: Why was the Embassy's emergency plan to rely on commercial air to evacuate Americans, both civilians and military, out of Vietnam?

26/09/2023(Xem: 1261)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 296. Memorandum from Forrestal to President Kennedy

27/09/2023(Xem: 1018)

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Bilingual. 298. Lodge’s report of one hour meeting with Nhu. Lodge said that no long range foreign policy could be carried out by the U.S. Government without the support of Congress and public opinion.

28/09/2023(Xem: 1103)

Bilingual. 299. General Khiem told Colonel Conein about the planning. A committee of Generals headed by General Duong Van Minh agreed that a coup will take place within one week.

29/09/2023(Xem: 1309)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 3. The President’s Intelligence Checklist. Anti-aircraft guns have been emplaced in the Palace area. The shadow of Ngo Dinh Nhu looms ever larger. His picture has begun to show up in public buildings

09/10/2023(Xem: 1245)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 300. Telegram From General Harkins: I am in direct liaison Embassy E & E officer on details.

30/09/2023(Xem: 1217)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 302. Memorandum From Forrestal to President Kennedy: A committee of generals has been formed for the purpose of bringing about a military coup within a week.

01/10/2023(Xem: 1242)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 303. Memorandum of Conference With the President. Ambassador Nolting acknowledged that the secret police had used brutal methods but he believed they had not been ordered to do so.

02/10/2023(Xem: 1246)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 304. Mr. and Mrs. Ambassador Tran Van Chuong (parents of Madame Nhu) told General Lansdale: The US must act firmly and quickly to replace both Diem and Nhu with a new government.

03/10/2023(Xem: 1355)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 306. From the Embassy in Vietnam to the Department of State. Generals cited int he report as members coup committee are best group that could be assembled in terms of ability and orientation.

04/10/2023(Xem: 1289)

Bilingual. 307. Central Intelligence Agency Station in Saigon to the Agency. Situation here has reached point of no return. Saigon is armed camp. Current indications are that Ngo family have dug in for last ditch battle.

05/10/2023(Xem: 1393)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 308. Foreign Reaction to Diem Repression and U.S. Foreign Policy. Press and public reaction to the events in Viet-Nam received to date is almost universally critical of Diem and, directly or by implication, the United States.

06/10/2023(Xem: 1155)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 33. Telegram From General Harkins. I had a talk with Brig Gen Khiem, Chief JGS, this morning. Asked where Col Thao, CAS 0483, stood in the picture.

25/10/2023(Xem: 1422)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 34. Telegram From the Embassy in Vietnam. Perhaps an arrangement could be worked out whereby the following could be made to happen: Madame Nhu to leave the country, Mr. Nhu’s functions to be limited entirely to Strategic Hamlets, the office of Prime Minister to be created and Mr. Thuan to become Prime Minister; Archbishop Thuc to leave the country.

26/10/2023(Xem: 801)

Bilingual. 39. To Ambassador Lodge. President Kennedy may well be obliged at next press conference to express US disapproval of repressive measures.

27/10/2023(Xem: 1148)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 40. From the Department of State to the Embassy in Vietnam. It seems to me that we must keep our eye fixed on the main purpose of our presence in South Viet-Nam

27/10/2023(Xem: 965)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 41. US Assurances to the Generals. On August 27 Conein assured General Khiem that the US would do all in its power to assist the families of the generals engaged in the coup plot in the event of its failure.

29/10/2023(Xem: 1021)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 44. From the Embassy. Nhu will resign, leave the government service for good and move to Dalat after he has lifted martial law,

01/11/2023(Xem: 1059)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 46. From the Central Intelligence Agency Station in Saigon. Kim said that Nhu clearly expected coup attempt, that Tung’s special forces were on full alert, and that they were in a position to prevent any coup attempt from succeeding at this time.

02/11/2023(Xem: 1425)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 47. From the CIA Station in Saigon. He then cited Nhu press interview circa 8 May in which Nhu said he looking forward to reduction American aid as instance handwriting on wall which not appreciated by Americans. Reiterated earlier statements that Nhu basically anti-American.

03/11/2023(Xem: 805)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 48. From the Central Intelligence Agency Station in Saigon. Nhu convened a meeting with 15 generals. General Duong Van Minh asked how to answer Americans who ask what we think of present situation. Nhu replied either state no comment or say you do not have enough information to comment.

04/11/2023(Xem: 745)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 50. Interview With the President. In the final analysis, it is their war. They are the ones who have to win it or lose it. We are prepared to continue to assist them

05/11/2023(Xem: 725)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 51. Draft telegram to Lodge. Results your talk with Nhu promising on surface but we fear stalling tactics. Thus Nhu [in?] Dalat could still be power behind throne.

06/11/2023(Xem: 1192)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 56. From the Department of State. Thus, Nhu in Dalat would be some improvement, but he could still be power behind throne; Madame Nhu’s tour could be plus for her local prestige unless she stays away a long time and takes a vacation rather than a speech making world tour (we would emphatically oppose her speaking in the US).

07/11/2023(Xem: 986)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 58. From the Embassy. Nhu is certainly not contemplating a change in GVN policies and actions.

08/11/2023(Xem: 1112)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 60. From the Embassy. I do not believe their word is good; Nhu’s resignation surely would mean very little; Madame Nhu’s departure is obviously intended to be a triumphant lecture tour.

09/11/2023(Xem: 1145)

Nguyên Giác

Bilingual. 61. Telephone Conversation Between the Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs (Hilsman) and the President. Kennedy: There’s an article in The New York Times by Tad Schultz [Szulc], page 5, in which he says that officials say that Nhu is trying to blackmail us.

10/11/2023(Xem: 1122)

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